Ubuntu下rails程序链接oracle数据库

rails支持oracle数据库连接

一、下载安装（解压）依赖包

下载 instantclient-basic, instantclient-sqlplus and instantclient-sdk zip archives 然后解压到 instantclient_12.1 文件夹下面（文件名字以实际名字为主）.
然后把文件移动到 /opt/oracle/instantclient_12.1

下载需要登录oracle账号,并且要同意协议，直接点击下面链接无法下载
如遇版本修改，连接可能失效，请在官网自行搜索下载
32位地址
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/linuxsoft-082809.html

要选择好
64位下载地址
http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/instantclient/121020/instantclient-basic-linux.x64-12.1.0.2.0.zip
http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/instantclient/121010/instantclient-sqlplus-linux.x64-12.1.0.1.0.zip
http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/instantclient/121010/instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-12.1.0.1.0.zip

32位地址
http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/instantclient/121020/instantclient-sdk-linux-12.1.0.2.0.zip
http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/instantclient/121020/instantclient-sqlplus-linux-12.1.0.2.0.zip
http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/instantclient/121020/instantclient-basic-linux-12.1.0.2.0.zip

sudo mkdir -p /opt/oracle
sudo cd /opt/oracle
sudo unzip /tmp/instantclient-basic-linux-12.1.0.2.0.zip
sudo unzip /tmp/instantclient-sqlplus-linux-12.1.0.1.0.zip
sudo unzip /tmp/instantclient-sdk-linux-12.1.0.1.0.zip
sudo apt-get install libaio1
sudo cd instantclient_12_1
sudo ln -s libclntsh.so.12.1 libclntsh.so



如果是mac，需要把最后一个改为

ln -s libclntsh.dylib.12.1 libclntsh.dylib


二、设置环境变量


vim ~/.bashrc
# 添加
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/oracle/instantclient_12_1

source ~/.bashrc


如果是mac，没有mnt目录，需要自己弄，设置如下

export OCI_DIR=/目录/oracle/instantclient_12_1


其他、遇到的某一些问题

[b]oracle汉字显示乱码
解决方案：[/b]
vim ~/.bashrc
添加
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8

source ~/.bashrc

=============
如果你没有安装上面依赖环境，会遇到下面问题

An error occurred while installing ruby-oci8 (2.1.8), and
Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install ruby-oci8 -v '2.1.8'` succeeds
before bundling.

问题
checking for LP64... no

三、rails里面的gem安装

Gilefile里面添加

gem 'ruby-oci8'
gem 'activerecord-oracle_enhanced-adapter', '~> 1.4.0'

四、数据库配置文件

development:                                                                  
  adapter: oracle_enhanced
  host: *.*.*.*
  database: database
  port: 1521
  username: username
  password: password
  pool: 5
  timeout: 5000
  encoding: utf-8

[b]Mac下面启动的问题[b]
问题：gem安装好之后，不能连接数据库，报错

oci8.c:601:in oci8lib_230.bundle: ORA-21561: OID generation failed (OCIError)

解决方法：

echo "127.0.0.1 $(hostname)" | sudo tee -a /etc/hosts